45

Physical Chemistry

Field: Physical Chemistry

Sequence of Expressions

At a constant temperature, the amount of a given gas that dissolves in a given type and volume of liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas in equilibrium with that liquid.
The partial vapor pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapor pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture.
The equivalent conductivity of an electrolyte at infinite dilution is equal to the sum of the conductances of the anions and cations.
The depression of the freezing point of a solution is directly proportional to the concentration of the solute.
The molecular heat capacity of a solid compound is the sum of the atomic heat capacities of the elements composing it.
The total enthalpy change for a chemical reaction is independent of the route by which the chemical reaction takes place, provided the initial and final conditions are the same.
When gases react, they do so in volumes which bear a simple whole number ratio to one another and to the volume of the product gases, if gaseous, provided that the temperature and pressure remain constant.
Relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of a fixed amount of gas: P1V1T1=P2V2T2\frac{P_1 V_1}{T_1} = \frac{P_2 V_2}{T_2}.
In a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases: Ptotal=∑PiP_{total} = \sum P_i.
The rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles: Rate∝1MRate \propto \frac{1}{\sqrt{M}}.
The entropy of vaporization of most liquids at their boiling points is approximately 85−88 J K−1 mol−185-88 \text{ J K}^{-1} \text{ mol}^{-1}.
In a binary liquid mixture, the vapor is richer in the component whose addition to the liquid mixture results in an increase of the total vapor pressure.